The conception and varieties of electrical properties of agricultural materials and the meaning of current studies by analyzing research data are explained. It introduces the measurement methods of electrical properties of agricultural material, and compares the merits and defects of various methods. The state of research and uses of the electrical properties of plants, animals and microbes in recent years were outlined. Some opinions and suggestions for current and further developments were given. That will provide reference and guidance for further study the electrical properties and uses of agricultural materials.