Pnuematic conveying is one of the material transportation methods that is widely used. But the higher energy consumption is the weakness of pnuematic conveying. In order to reduce the energy consumption and make good use of the advantage of penumatic conveying, adopting orthogonal experiment of twice rotation combination, using wheat as experiment material, choosing moisture content of the wheat, the speed of airflow, the consistency ratio of material and air as experiment factors, the test of energy consumption was carried out. Then the relationship between energy consumption and the other factors was found out and the main factors were determined and the regulations that the main factors influence energy consumption were obtained. By statistics and analysis, the wind velocity makes the greatest influence on energy consumption, the consistency ratio second, moisture content little. The relationship between airflow velocity and energy consumption is quadratic parabolic, the relationship between the consistency ratio of material and air and energy consumption is linear, the relationship between moisture content and energy consumption is quadratic parabolic. On the basis of experimental study and theoretical analysis, on condition of meeting the requirements of productivity, no smash and no material drop, the lower speed of airflow that can transport should be chosen. If the power of the machine is sufficient, the consistency ratio can be raised, but raising the consistency ratio can result in unstable and unreliable conveying. In order to get better result, the proper moisture content of the wheat should be selected.