Origin traceability is an important part of food safety traceability system. The mutton origin traceability model was developed by near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). The results showed that the model of mutton origin traceability could be established very well when original NIR spectra was preprocessed by five point smooth and Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) in the spectra region between 11995 and 3999 cm-1 and the optimal number of principal component was 5, 6, 5, 6 for the origin traceability model of mutton from Jining city of Shandong Province, Hebei Province, Linhe city of inner mongolia and rinchuan city of Ningxia region, respectively. Under the 1% significant level, the recognition rate of calibration set for four models was 95%, 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The recognition rate of validation set was 100%, 83%, 100% and 100%, respectively and the rejection rate of four models were all 100%. It indicates that the technique of NIR was a feasible way for tracing the origin of mutton．