To decrease the influence of high stubble and heavy weed on the growth of rapes at the seedling stage in southern winter rape fields, it is necessary to eliminate weed and stubble by shallow tillage before sowing. 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder for rapes was designed, and the shallow tilling working parts and rotary tillage ditching parts were fixed on the same cutter shaft, and driven wheel was adopted to provide power for seeding and fertilizing. Furthermore, for controlling the seeding and fertilizing quantity, speed changing mechanism which was use for adjusting the rotate speeds of the seeding and fertilizing axes was designed. The 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder could accomplish the teamwork of shallow tilling, weed and stubble eliminating, ditching, seeding and fertilizing. Experiment results showed that the 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder for rapes was safe and reliable, and the stubble eliminating rate was more than 95%, and the balk rate was less than 5%. The 2BYD-6 shallow tilling and fertilizing seeder can satisfy the rape direct seeding and agriculture requirements for southern winter rapes.