Abstract: According to the problems of plastic film without distinction as straw, the plastic film recovery rate is low, the effect is poor in removing the collected film, and plastic films are easy to wind in cotton straw chopping and a plastic film collecting combined machine in Xinjiang province, the 4JM-1500 straw chopping and plastic film collecting machine has been designed. It consists of a traction device, straw chopping device, straw conveying device, floating gear-rake institution and chain rake device, film removing device, driven system, plastic film box, and rack and wheel, etc. It can realize straw chopper returning, the straw separation with plastic film, and the plastic film recycling with one operation. This machine combining the hammer device of cotton straw chopping and scraper conveyor device, the machine could separate cotton straws and plastic film, and collect the plastic film by the floating gear-rake institution and chain rake device. It also has a good effect for ground profile modeling and improving the plastic film recovery ratio. It can remove the collected film though the air force device in the operating process, which can prevent the plastic film winding with the film stripping device and affect the work. The structure and working principle of the machine, and the parameters of working parts, and main structures were determined through the main components designed. Knife shaft speed n3=1800~2200 r/min, straw conveying speed n1=120~150 r/min, plastic film conveying chains speed n2=60~90 r/min, film removing wind speed v1=6.2~10.5 m/s and the working width was 1500 mm. It effectively decreased the labor cost and enhanced the plastic film collecting efficiency. Field trials demonstrated that the separation ratio of cotton straws and plastic film was 97%, the plastic film collecting ratio was 88.6%, and the film removing ratio was 89.4% under the conditions of machine operating speed of 5-5.5 km/h and straw conveying speed of 1.8m/s, which could meet the requirements of straw chopping and plastic film collecting. The research results could help to solve the problem of plastic film pollution in farmland.