Abstract: Changing the inefficient utilization situation of rural residential areas and carrying out the reconstruction and optimization of their spatial layout, can promote the rational allocation of resource, capital and labor force in the rural areas, and make the rural areas adapt to and be integrated into industrialization and urbanization to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. This paper extracts appraisal units and vector spatial data using the geographic information system (GIS) tools. When constructing the index system of rural residential space reconstruction and evaluation criteria, the paper takes different indicators'combinations into full account, which can produce different effects to the evaluation objectives and the appraisal orientation. And in order to avoid lacking consideration on the complexity of the interaction between each evaluation index in the related studies using the comprehensive index evaluation method, the paper constructs two-step appraisal method by fusing hierarchical evaluation method and comprehensive index evaluation method. The first step is to construct the appaisal indicator system and appaisal criteria under multiple logical conditions for the spatial reconstruction of rural residenial areas, and then to carry out hierarchical appraisal to get the grading results of agricultural industry advantages, consolidation potential, moving and merging conditions, and economic and location conditions of settlements and so on. Combined with appraisal results obtained from the previous step, the second step is to construct the reconstructing discrimination criterion using discriminant evaluation method and carry out the spatial reconstruction zoning of rural residential areas in Changli county. Then, by overlaying livability assessment results on the spatial reconstruction zoning map, and introducing strategic choice evaluation, the paper adjusts and improves Changli county's residential space reconstruction zoning plan. Changli county is divided into agricultural priority area, city priority area, distributary area and minimum living area, and relocation and reconstruction strategy is put forward for each type of rural settlement. At last, the paper combines the social economic situation and urbanization construction objective of Changli county, constructs the development pattern of "county area - primary small towns - secondary small towns - new rural residential communities", and discusses the issues that require attention in the process of migration. The scheme can promote the implementation of "Twelfth Five Year Plan" and "Thirteenth Five Year Plan", help adjust the measures suitable for local conditions, promote the county's new town construction and the process of new-type urbanization construction, and provide new idea for rural modernization, industrialization and urbanization in Changli county.