Abstract: Affected by livelihood diversification of peasant households and urban culture, the interior land use division of rural settlements is even more significant and presents multifunction. Therefore, the study on the multifunction of land use in rural settlements and the different characteristics of individual utilization will not only be beneficial to the objective calculation of the asset value of land use in rural settlements, but also provide a theoretical basis for the rational design of the interior structure of the new peasant houses. Taking 1 923 rural settlements in Yanba Village, Jiangjin District, Chongqing City as the research object, on the basis of the classification of rural residential land types, together with the differences of social and economic factors in different land types, this study differentiates the multifunction of land use in rural settlements, establishes corresponding relations between the rural residential land types and the multifunction of land use in rural settlements, and thus realizes the multifunction compartmentalization of land use in rural settlements. Then, based on this, combined with the characteristics of social and economic factors the peasant households show in the process of land use in the rural settlements, this study constructs the multifunction evaluation index system with the indicators selected from 4 aspects, the residential function, the agricultural production function, the non-agricultural production function and the service function. Hence, we measure the dominant function of land use in rural settlements, and then analyze its difference among peasant households with diverse livelihood types. The results are as follows: According to the secondary classification system, the land use in rural settlements can be divided into 4 categories of the first level including residential land, agricultural land, non-agricultural production land, and affiliated land, and 11 categories of the second level such as family hall land, breeding house land, and courtyard land. There are significant differences in the dominant function of rural settlements' land use among peasant households of different livelihood types. The rural settlement land use of peasant households of the agricultural specialized development type is dominated by agricultural production function (dominance reaches 1.987 8), while the dominant function of land use for peasant households of the part-time agricultural development type is not obvious, and shows equilibrium. And for diverse agricultural production development type, diverse non-agricultural production development type, and non- agricultural specialization development type, the land use is respectively dominated by service function (dominance of 1.873 0), residential function (dominance of 1.569 2) and non-agricultural production function (dominance of 2.387 9). As the livelihood of peasant households is compatible with the domain function of rural settlement land use, in the construction of new peasant houses, different land use patterns of rural settlements should be designed according to the livelihoods of different types of peasant household. For instance, new peasant houses construction for peasant households that belong to the agricultural specialization development type, should fully take their demand for land production function into account. Under this kind of consideration, their new peasant houses construction is supposed to be designed as a combination pattern of "residential land - agricultural storage land - courtyard land". Meanwhile, new peasant houses construction for peasant households that belong to the non-agricultural specialized development type, should comply with the combination pattern of "residential land - operating land of commerce and service", which emphasizes its non-agricultural production function.