Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is one of the most important agricultural development zones in China. A large number of saline water resources in shallow underground layer are important available resources for agricultural production. It is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of agriculture in Huang-Huai-Hai region to study the efficient irrigation mode of well-canal irrigation area. In order to explore the suitable irrigation mode of surface water and groundwater in well-canal irrigation area, the effects of different irrigation proportion (0, 33%, 67%, 100%) and different irrigation quota (600, 900, 1 200 m3/hm2) on the winter wheat yield, quality and dynamic change characteristics of salinity in root soil of winter wheat from 2013 to 2016 were studied on the scale of field plots. The results showed that: 1) The effect of different irrigation quotas on winter wheat yield under pure channel irrigation mode was greater than that under pure well water irrigation mode. Winter wheat yield under high quota pure channel irrigation (The irrigation quota was 1 200 m3/hm2 and the proportion of canal and well irrigation was 100%) was the highest, the yield of winter wheat under this irrigation treatment was 9 195 kg/hm2. 2) Higher irrigation quota was beneficial to the increase of bulk density, wet gluten and stable time of winter wheat, but had no obvious effect on protein content. Well water was beneficial to the increase of protein content, wet gluten and stabilization time, and to the decrease of weakening degree. In the case of relatively sufficient surface water resources and the pursuit of maximum yield, high-quota pure channel irrigation mode was suggested; in the case of insufficient surface water resources, medium-quota and high-quota "well water, canal water, canal water" irrigation mode was to be selected; In these 2 cases, winter wheat mainly was well to make biscuits, pastries and the other agricultural by-products. In the case of shortage of surface water resources and no pursuit of maximum yield, medium-quota pure well water or "canal water, well water, well water" irrigation mode was to be selected. In this case, the production of winter wheat should mainly make steamed bread, noodles and the other traditional staple food products. 3) The soil salinity of winter wheat root layer increased slightly after 4 years of irrigation. The soil salinity increment of winter wheat root layer under pure channel water irrigation mode was the smallest, followed by irrigation mode "well water, channel water, channel water", and the soil salinity increment of winter wheat root layer under pure well water irrigation mode was the largest. For those areas with relatively sufficient surface water aiming at maximizing yield, high quota pure channel irrigation mode could be selected. In areas with insufficient surface water resources, the irrigation mode "high quota well water, canal water, canal water" could be selected. In the area of water shortage, the irrigation mode of well water + canal water + canal water with medium quota can be selected. It is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of agriculture in Huang-Huai-Hai region to carry out well-canal combined irrigation area food security production and efficient irrigation mode based on soil environmental security.