Abstract：Thenationalconcept of dietary nutrition and health has changed from“eating-full”,“eating-well”to“eating-right”, as China's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in 2019 reached 10,000 U.S. dollars. Modern diets are gradually moving from basic requirement of nutrition and flavor, to three major elements including safety, nutrition and health. The paper put forward a new framework of the dialectical nutrition based on Chinese dietary therapy and modern nutrition. The dialectical nutrition, based on the“new nutrition science”that proposed by the 18th International congress of Nutrition, aims to explore food nutrition, human physique and their dialectical relationship, using a dialectical and systematic approach. According to the overall, comprehensive and balanced nutritional perspective, the framework was then combined with the diet and taste of food in Chinese dietary therapy, in order to build a whole discipline system from philosophy to science. The evaluation system can be suitable for the characteristics of Chinese diet, physical classification, and health status. The dialectical nutrition, served as a sort of nutrition discipline, iscomplied with the definition and concept of new modern nutrition, with emphasizing on the interdisciplinary integration in the range of biology, sociology, and humanities. The purpose of dialectical nutrition was used to balance the dynamic transformation of food and nutritional physique, in order to achieve human nutrition and health. This is because the dialectic method was a theoretical strategywith technical precision and dynamic balance. Therefore, this study proposed a construction of two framework for 1) the healthy food engineering system based on six attributes, including germplasm, habitat, processing, nutrition, function, and bias, and for 2) the nutrition physical engineering system based on six evaluated indices, including basal metabolism, gastrointestinal macrogenes, nutritional genes, emotional strength, immunity, digestion and absorption ability. A dynamic model of transformation balance has also established based on the big data mining. The integrated frameworks with the dynamic models can form an new engineering system for nutrition and health. This proposed system can provide sound basis for the four supporting systems of talents, technology, industry and capital in China society. The study can innovate the development of the healthy food industry, and upgrade of national healthy consumption, as well provide scientific dietary guidance for the health of the entire population, and lay a solid healthy foundation for the national effort to build China into a comprehensive moderately prosperous society.