A data storage system has been commonly designed for the quality and safety of agricultural products. The original source can be traced to improve the trust using the forward storage and reverse backtracking of data in the production process of agricultural products. A trust bridge between consumption and production can also be built to fully meet the needs of consumers. However, the centralized database has been commonly used to locally store the agricultural product data in the traditional system. This direct management system can make the production data easy to tamper with the potential security risks. The authentic and credible data cannot be guaranteed for the mutual trust between consumption and production, resulting in a trust crisis. Fortunately, the decentralized and tamper-proof Blockchain can provide strong support for the reliable traceability of agricultural products. The agreed code can be automatically executed to clearly record the entire process data on the chain, according to the business rules through the trust mechanism. A current traceability system can be used to combine the traceability of Blockchain and agricultural products. However, it is very necessary to balance public data sharing, and enterprise privacy and confidential data in the existing agricultural Blockchain traceability system. Encryption technology can be used to encrypt and decrypt data for security and confidentiality, however, which can reduce the efficiency of data storage and query. A reputation integral strategy can also be designed to evaluate the data authenticity between nodes on the chain. However, the scoring standard is still lacking in the existing reputation monitoring system. It is an urgent need to design the business logic in the actual production, processing and transportation for the standardization of uplink data. This study aims to clarify the business logic and data composition of each link in the agricultural product supply chain. A differentiated sharing model was also established for the information trust evaluation of the agricultural product Blockchain. An optimal module was then constructed for the information storage of agricultural products. A supply chain of enterprise and traceability was established using Blockchain technology. The production and process data was stored in the enterprise chain, according to the privacy ledger. Specifically, the returned hash value was stored in the traceability chain, after the public data of the whole supply chain was stored in the Inter Planetary File System (IPFS). A maintenance strategy of the enterprise chain ledger was then combined to realize the differentiated and multi-party sharing of supply chain data. An enterprise reputation evaluation was designed to reward and punish the nodes using analytic hierarchy, according to the authenticity of the data released by the enterprise Blockchain nodes, indicating the highly credible data on the chain. A smart contract system was established to monitor the data chain in advance. A differentiated sharing system was finally developed for the trusted evaluation of agricultural Blockchain information using a Hyperledger Fabric platform. The tea supply chain was then selected to verify the model. Consequently, the data storage time, the query time of private data, and the query time of public data of the improved model were shortened by 16.7%, 10.01%, and 38.3%, respectively. Anyway, the differential sharing of agricultural product supply chain data can be widely expected to offer efficient and reliable traceability services. The finding can also provide a strong reference for the design and development of a reliable traceability system for agricultural products.