The Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) suffers most serious soil erosion, and the purple soil is the main soil type for sloping farmland in this area. Soil erosion control remains a challenge in this area. Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) relies on urease enzymes to catalyze the decomposition of urea into ammonium and carbonate anions, and precipitates the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with the presence of carbonate anions and external calcium sources. EICP has been proved efficiently in strengthening soil, reducing infiltration, restoring rock and heritage, etc., and regarded as a promising approach to effectively control soil erosion. However, the effect of EICP on soil detachment capacity is still far from clear, especially the response of soil detachment capacity to the EICP concentration and maintenance time are not clarified. Therefore, the purple soil in the TGRA was taken as the research material, and the scouring experiments were conducted under 5 EICP solution concentrations (0 (for control check), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol/L) at 6 maintenance durations (1, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 120 d) to estimate the soil detachment capacity. Also, the apparent cohesion and calcium carbonate content at different experiment condition were measured to explain the effect of EICP solution concentration and maintenance duration on the soil detachment capacity. Moreover, the SEM was employed to reveal the micromechanism of erosion reduction by EICP. The results indicated that the soil detachment capacity of purple soil was significantly decreased by the application of EICP solution. Compared with the CK, the soil detachment capacity decreased by 19.63~86.92%, 38.79~89.41%, 48.13~89.91% and 31.78~84.49%, respectively, at the EICP solution concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol/L, with the most pronounced effect was observed at the concentration of 1.5 mol/L. Additionally, the soil detachment capacity decreased rapidly and a subsequent slowly decrease as maintenance duration increases. Compared with the maintenance for 1 d, the decreases at 7, 15, 30, 60 and 120 d were 19.79~84.08%, 33.81~87.80%, 87.27~94.21%, 91.41~93.18% and 91.18~92.77%, respectively. Moreover, under the application of EICP solution, the reduction amplitude in soil detachment capacity accounted for 85.79~92.21% of the total reduction amplitude at the maintenance duration of 7 d. Moreover, the apparent cohesion and calcium carbonate content of purple soil showed a trend of increase followed by a decrease with the increase of EICP solution concentration. Moreover, compared with the CK, the apparent cohesion increased by 43.70~77.43%, 58.54~101.21%, 77.06~135.68% and 64.08~87.86%, respectively, at the EICP solution concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol/L, while the calcium carbonate content increased by 10.29~17.35 times, 11.12~23.00 times, 12.00~29.59 times and 10.88~24.35 times, respectively. Additionally, compared with the maintenance for 1 d, the apparent cohesion increased by 10.46~36.38%, 21.98~46.46%, 35.12~55.41%, 45.15~65.49% and 48.61~72.76%, respectively, at the maintenance for 7, 15, 30, 60 and 120 d. The calcium carbonate content kept stable in the CK, while under the application of EICP solution, it increased by 54.17~133.48%, 60.94~134.39%, 61.98~134.84%, 61.46~134.84% and 62.50~135.29%, respectively, at the maintenance for 7, 15, 30, 60 and 120 d. Moreover, under the application of EICP solution, the increase amplitude in the apparent cohesion and calcium carbonate content amounts for 37.59~59.56% and 78.26~98.66% of the total increase amplitude, respectively, at the maintenance duration of 7 d. Additionally, the microscopic analysis exposed that the vital factor of soil detachment capacity reduction is the aggregation of calcium carbonate in the soil surface under the application of EICP solution. Furthermore, the variation of soil detachment capacity can be well described by the apparent cohesion and calcium carbonate content with exponential function, and the calcium carbonate content shown better performance for describing the soil detachment capacity. The findings elucidate the reduction effect of the application of EICP on soil detachment capacity of purple soil, thereby providing theoretical guidance for erosion control in the TGRA.