With the increased usage of air filtration and deodorization devices in livestock houses, the de-mand of agricultural axial flow fans with higher pressure has been raised. To improve the aero-dynamic performance of an agricultural axial fan and expand its operating range, a new axial fan was developed using the theory of variable circulation flow pattern design via wind tunnel ex-periments and numerical simulations. The effect of structural parameters including hub diame-ter d, change of mounting angle α, and number of blades n on the performance and flow field of the fan were investigated via single factor and response surface analysis methods. The best com-bination of these parameters was solved as d=260 mm, α=-0.369°, and n=4 pieces. Experimental test results show that the optimized axial fan performance is better than initial axial fans. On the high-pressure level (120 Pa), the ventilation flow rate of agricultural axial fan increased by 163%, and the energy efficiency ratio increased by 18.9%. This study proves the feasibility of the varia-ble circulation method in the design of high-pressure agricultural axial flow fan, and the opti-mization of structural parameters can further reduce the internal vorticity of the fan. The opti-mized axial fan reduced the secondary flow in the internal flow field, improved the work capac-ity of the blades, and improved the aerodynamic performance of the fan.