灵芝-玉米秸秆的生物纸板制备工艺优化及性能研究
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S216.2

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31971252)


Preparation and performance study of Ganoderma weberianum/corn straw mycelium paperboard
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    摘要:

    为解决使用化学粘合剂制备的纸板带来的环境污染以及健康损害等问题,可替代传统纸板的环境友好型生物纸板开发成为研究热点。该研究使用韦伯灵芝/玉米秸秆组合,通过优化培养时间、果糖添加量及秸秆颗粒度等单因素条件探究其对制备的菌丝体纸板力学、防水和热分解性能的影响,并通过正交试验明确纸板的最佳培养工艺。试验结果表明,各因素对纸板的边压强度、弯曲挺度、静曲强度的影响程度由大到小依次为颗粒度,培养时间,果糖添加量,当颗粒度为0.165~0.250 mm,培养时间30 d,添加质量分数为5%的果糖时,制备的纸板边压强度为14.36 N/mm、静曲强度为10.89 MPa、弯曲挺度为33.09 mN/m,并且随着颗粒度的减小,纸板吸水24 h的吸水率和厚度膨胀率分别降低到0.86%和0.50%。不同单因素条件制备的菌丝体纸板具有相似的热降解过程,均在170 ℃左右开始降解,在350 ℃达到最大。该研究为后续菌丝体复合材料的开发和应用提供参考依据。

    Abstract:

    To solve the environmental pollution and harm to human health caused by the use of adhesives in traditional paperboard, the development of environmentally friendly mycelium paperboard has become a hot topic. Due to the high dipole moment and hydrogen bonding between macromolecules, hyphae can form clamp shaped connection structures for nutrient reproduction and transfer, and can grow on natural agricultural waste, forming a natural biocomposite material. This study determined the combination of Ganoderma weberianum/corn straw, and designed single factor cultivation conditions such as cultivation time, straw particle size, and fructose addition to explore the effects on the mechanical properties, waterproof properties, and thermal decomposition performance of the hyphal paperboard formed by hot pressing. The optimal cultivation process was obtained through orthogonal experiments. The experimental results indicate that various factors have varying degrees of influence on the edgewise strength, flexural stiffness, and static bending strength and waterproofness of paperboard. Firstly, when the cultivation time was 30 days, the flexural stiffness reached 16.63 mN/m, which was 21.2% higher than the flexural stiffness of kraft paper (13.10 mN/m). Moreover, with the increase of cultivation time, the water absorption (24 hours) had also decreased from 3.92% to 1.27%. Secondly, previous research results have shown that the addition of fructose, glucose, and sucrose increases the biomass growth rate of strains. In this study, fructose was chosen as an exogenous nutrient, and the results showed that when a mass fraction of 5% fructose was added, the mechanical properties were the best, with a flexural stiffness of 18.87 mN/m, which was 30.5% higher than that of kraft paper (13.10 mN/m). Thirdly, the particle size of the sbstrate has a significant impact on the appearance and properties of the material. The results show that, from the appearance perspective, the mycelium paperboard made of 0.165~0.250 mm particle size has the closest appearance and feel to kraft paper. At the same time, during the testing period, it was found that the mycelium paperboard made of 0.165~0.250 mm straw was the least prone to deformation and loosening, and the molding effect was significantly improved compared to other components. In terms of mechanical properties, the edgewise strength increased by 17.4%, the static bending strength increased by 14.9%, and the flexural stiffness increased by 57.3%. The experimental results show that the degree of influence of various factors on the edgewise strength, flexural stiffness, and static bending strength of paperboard is in the order of particle size, cultivation time,fructose addition amount. When the particle size is 0.165~0.250 mm, the cultivation time is 30 days, and the fructose addition of 5.0%, the edgewise strength of the prepared paperboard is 14.36 N/mm, the static bending strength is 10.89 MPa, and the flexural stiffness is 33.09 mN/m. As the particle size decreases, the water absorption rate and water thickness expansion rate of the paperboard after 24 hours of water absorption decrease to 0.86% and 0.59%. The mycelium paperboard prepared by different single factors has the same thermal decomposition process, starting at around 150 ℃ and reaching its maximum at 350 ℃. This study provides a reference basis for the development and application of mycelium composite materials in the future.

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董紫薇,李宇航,李凡宇,王正奇,李玉,韩雪容.灵芝-玉米秸秆的生物纸板制备工艺优化及性能研究[J].农业工程学报,2024,40(18):302-310. DOI:10.11975/j. issn.1002-6819.202402086

DONG Ziwei, LI Yuhang, LI Fanyu, WANG Zhengqi, LI Yu, HAN Xuerong. Preparation and performance study of Ganoderma weberianum/corn straw mycelium paperboard[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2024,40(18):302-310. DOI:10.11975/j. issn.1002-6819.202402086

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-26
  • 最后修改日期:2024-05-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-09-11
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