流体/半流体物料连续流射频加热辅助装置设计与试验
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TS255.35

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陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023YBNY150)


Design and experiment of an auxiliary device for continuous-flow radio frequency heating of fluid/semi-fluid samples
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    摘要:

    针对流体/半流体物料在流动状态下开展射频杀菌、钝酶、提取时加热不均匀的问题,该研究设计了一套适用于英国Strayfield SO6B型射频加热系统的流体/半流体物料连续流辅助装置。该装置主要由蠕动泵、电动机、料槽和控制系统等组成,料槽内部装有一组剪切折叠满面式螺旋桨实现对物料的混合搅拌。选取生牛乳、羧甲基纤维素(carboxymethylcellulose,CMC)溶液以及苹果渣-柠檬酸混合溶液(PS5)3种物料分别进行射频处理,结果显示,相同条件下3种物料的升温速率从大到小依次为生牛乳、CMC溶液、PS5,且在20 min内所有物料即可达到目标温度,证实该装置可以辅助不同特性流体/半流体物料实现射频连续均匀加热。与无螺旋搅拌相比,在物料静止状态,螺旋搅拌可以改善射频加热均匀性,其中CMC溶液改善最为明显,其射频加热均匀性指数由0.139降为0.068;在物料流动状态,螺旋搅拌可以改善CMC溶液与PS5的加热均匀性,CMC溶液和PS5的最大温差分别下降了13.4和11.4 ℃,但在低速搅拌时固液混合物料易因颗粒漂浮而降低加热均匀性。整体来看,该装置可以实现流体/半流体物料的射频连续均匀化处理,可为该类物料的射频连续化加热及工业化处理提供技术与理论支持。

    Abstract:

    Non-uniform heating has been one of the major challenges using radio frequency (RF) treatment in continuous-flow pasteurization, enzyme inactivation, extraction, or applications for fluid/semi-fluid foods. The objective of this study was to design an auxiliary device for the continuous-flow treatment of fluid/semi-fluid samples in the Strayfield SO6B RF heating system produced in UK. This device was composed mainly of peristaltic pumps, an electromotor, a sample trough, and a control system. The sample trough was equipped with a set of cut and folded flight screws to realize the mixing and stirring of samples. Among them, the sample trough was connected with the feed tank by a peristaltic pump to realize continuous flow treatment. The control system was used to realize the opening and closing of the motor and peristaltic pump, as well as the temperature measurement of the outlet and inlet. The components of the device were placed between the RF electrode plates. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with low dielectric loss factor were selected to avoid significant absorption of RF energy from heating and distortion. The internal temperature distribution of the sample in the trough was determined using the multi-point temperature measurement platform. A temperature recorder was connected with 9 K-type thermocouples. Nine representative points were accurately measured in the three longitudinal sections in the sample trough. The heating uniformity index (λ) inside the sample was then calculated to evaluate the RF heating uniformity, according to the temperature values of the above 9 points. Three samples were selected for the continuous-flow RF treatment, including raw cow's milk, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solution, and apple pomace-citric acid mixed solution. The results showed that the heating rate of samples was ranked in the descending order of the raw cow's milk, CMC solution, and apple pomace-citric acid mixed solution, under the same RF heating conditions (electrode gap 140 mm). All three samples reached the target temperature (70 °C) within 20 min. The device was well-assisted RF continuous and uniform heating of fluid/semi-fluid samples with different properties. The samples were performed on the RF heating with or without screw agitation under stationary conditions. Screw agitation was improved the RF heating uniformity of all samples. Among them, the average λ value of 9 points was reduced from 0.139 to 0.068 in the CMC solution, indicating a more significant performance. Furthermore, the CMC solution and apple pomace-citric acid mixed solution (PS5) were utilized with the lower heating uniformity in the continuous-flow RF treatment mode. In the absence of screw agitation, the temperature of the upper layer was significantly higher than that of the middle and lower layers for both samples, especially in the upper layer near the outlet. The edge/corners overheating was then attributed to the electromagnetic field deflection and accumulation. Screw agitation also significantly improved the heating uniformity of two samples under flowing conditions. The maximum difference in temperature decreased by 13.4 and 11.4 °C, respectively. While the floating of solid particles in the solid-liquid mixed samples reduced the heating uniformity at the lower stirring speeds. Overall, this device can be expected to realize the continuous and uniform RF treatment of fluid/semi-fluid samples. The finding can provide technical and theoretical support to the RF continuous heating and industrialized treatment.

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张浩,仵明太,张一鸣,王绍金,令博.流体/半流体物料连续流射频加热辅助装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2024,40(19):33-41. DOI:10.11975/j. issn.1002-6819.202404171

ZHANG Hao, WU Mingtai, ZHANG Yiming, WANG Shaojin, LING Bo. Design and experiment of an auxiliary device for continuous-flow radio frequency heating of fluid/semi-fluid samples[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE),2024,40(19):33-41. DOI:10.11975/j. issn.1002-6819.202404171

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-24
  • 最后修改日期:2024-07-31
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-09-29
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